Railway Exams 2024-25 | Science(विज्ञान ) Full Revision | 6 घंटे लगातार Marathon Class|by Harish Sir

The speaker welcomes the audience to a marathon class, emphasizing the importance of the session and the wealth of new learning opportunities it offers.

Discussion on various science concepts, catering to students with different levels of prior knowledge in science.

Encouragement for viewers to like, share, and subscribe to the session, emphasizing the importance of engagement.

Highlighting the interactive teaching style and the extensive practice sessions provided by the instructor.

Emphasis on the quality content being shared, setting the responsibility on viewers to engage actively.

Introduction to the marathon class and the exciting learning opportunities it offers, urging viewers to engage and participate actively.

Exploration of scientific concepts related to different groups like organisms and pressure, engaging viewers in interactive learning.

Explanation of pressure concepts, including practical examples and engaging viewers in concept comprehension.

Detailed discussion on pressure application in fluids and the significance of Pascal's law.

Explains the concept of gravitational constant in Hindi and its value derived by scientists like Cavendish.

Details the calculation of the value of gravitational constant (6.67 * 10^-11) in Newton meter square per kilogram squared.

Discusses isotones, neutron calculations, and concepts related to electron, proton, and neutron values.

Explains isotonic solutions and their concentration levels compared to the surrounding medium.

Explaining the concept of loss of water in simple terms and its implications.

Discussing PDF, the class starting, and the concept of Hypotony.

Engaging in live interaction with the audience to explain the concept of Hypotony.

Addressing the challenges of conducting live classes and responsibilities associated with it.

Explaining the concept of shortest wavelengths in electromagnetic waves and their characteristics.

Discussing gamma rays, their frequency, and penetration power compared to other waves.

Explaining the characteristics of different waves including gamma rays and their penetration power.

Exploring the significance of radio and electromagnetic waves in communication and signal transmission.

Explaining the electromagnetic spectrum and its components such as gamma rays, X-rays, and ultraviolet rays.

Discussing the color variations of blood based on hemoglobin and the role of different elements in blood coloration.

Discussion on various organisms like Porifera, Silate, Platey helthas, Nematode, Enlid, and Ortho-pohda molusca.

Differentiating among octopus, snail, ghongha, and payla as part of the organisms discussed.

Participants trying to answer questions related to the concept being discussed, showcasing difficulty and guesswork.

Explaining the concept of constant pressure and its relation to volume and temperature, illustrated with examples like ideal gas.

Introduction to Charle's Law and its application in determining the relationship between volume and temperature.

Calculation of pressure and temperature using the Kelvin scale, emphasizing the conversion between Celsius and Kelvin temperatures.

Application of Boyle's Law and demonstrations regarding pressure-volume relationships in gases.

Discussion on the characteristics of constant pressure and its impact on volume-temperature relationships.

Addressing issues related to focus and concentration during learning and study, emphasizing the importance of maintaining focus.

Explanation of different enzymes involved in fat and protein digestion, including renin, amylase, tripsin, and pepsin.

Detailed explanation of the enzymes Lipase, Crenin, Amylase, and their roles in digesting fats and carbohydrates.

Discussion on the enzymes involved in protein digestion, such as Pepsin and Trypsin, and their functions.

Explanation of the significance of enzymes like Lipase in the digestion process and their role in breaking down fats and proteins.

Explanation of object distance and image distance in flat mirrors and how they relate to each other.

Discussion on the concept of lateral inversion and how it affects the left-right reversal in mirror reflections.

Exploration of how image formation in mirrors is affected by the object's distance and reflection properties.

Description of hormones like cortisol and their role in stress responses and body functions.

Explanation of the effects of cortisol on blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and stress responses in the body.

Discussion on the location of neurons in the body and their presence in the nervous system.

Explanation of the role of antibodies, specifically related to the formation of WBCs (white blood cells).

Comparison of the sizes of different types of cells found in the body.

Explanation of how generators work based on the principles of electromagnetism.

Discussion on how electromagnetic induction occurs and its practical applications.

Overview of the research conducted by Christian Rested on electromagnetic properties and their behavior in conductors.

Explanation of how electric current is induced in conductors and the relationship between magnetic properties and electric current.

Detailed insights into the relationship between magnetic properties, current induction, and the functioning of generators.

Explanation of how flux variation induces current flow in a circuit.

Discussion on the role of neurons and magnetic fields in generating electrical currents in the body.

Eating provides energy but for a short duration. Energy is used up quickly.

Food enters the stomach, passes to the small intestine, proteins get broken down into amino acids, and peptides are formed. Amino acids are used in the body to make hormones and growth factors.

Proteins break down into amino acids which are essential for the body's functions including hormone production and growth.

Amino acids are crucial for hormone production, growth, and body function. There are 20-22 types of amino acids in the body.

Cell walls of plants are made of cellulose. Cellulose is the most abundant substance in nature and is essential for plant structure.

Tissues in plants help in the asexual reproduction process through tissue culture, tissue engineering, and the formation of multiple eggs from a single source.

Fragmentation involves the breakdown of tissues and the ability to form multiple eggs or new organisms from a single source, known as multiple fission.

Discussion about fragmentation in rebuttal and different types of processes related to vegetative propagation.

Explanation of grafting and the process of attaching one plant shoot to another plant's stem for tissue culture.

Exploration of isotopes, neutron count, and their unique properties in different elements like protium, terbium, and tetrix.

Discussion about heavy water and identification of isotopes like protonium and tetrix, emphasizing their applications in various fields.

Elaboration on isotopes, neutron count, and their significance, debunking misconceptions in electron count and neutron presence in elements.

Explanation of the usage of isotopes like Cobalt-60, Iodine-131, and Uranium-235 in medical diagnostics and cancer treatment.

Insight into the use of isotopes like Americium-241, Uranium-235, and Arsenic-74 for various applications such as detecting heart issues and tumors.

Explanation of Carbon-12, Carbon-14, and their role in carbon dating, along with the application of Iodine-125 for specific purposes.

Encouragement for viewer engagement, requesting likes, shares, and feedback for the session to enhance the learning experience.

The speaker discusses various diseases like swine flu, Nipah virus, and bird flu, explaining their origins and impacts.

The concept of Nipah virus spreading through fruits like mangoes in South Asia and its impact on children as similar to swine flu in pigs is discussed.

The speaker explains the impact and origin of the H1N1 virus due to factors like nitrogen and hydrogen.

The discussion continues with the factors contributing to bird flu, including the spread from chickens and eggs, leading to the formation of H5N2 virus.

A demonstration of solving equations related to oxidation states and chlorine oxidation numbers is provided.

Concepts related to light polarization, interference, and discoveries in alpha scattering experiments are explained.

The discovery of electrons by Goldstein and Anderson is discussed. Anderson's discovery of the anti-electron, also known as positron, and the significance of electron's negative charge are explained.

Hideki Yukawa's discovery of pions, a type of meson, is highlighted for its importance in particle physics.

Explanation of atomic number (Z) indicating the number of protons and the atomic mass unit, along with the role of neutrons in determining the mass of an atom.

Discussion on the connection between tendons and muscles in the human body, emphasizing their role in reducing friction between bones.

Insight into the structure and function of cartilage, as well as an explanation of functional groups in organic compounds.

Explanation of functional groups in alkenes and aldehydes, such as the alkene formula (CnH2n) and the presence of aldehyde groups.

Discussion on the diameter of the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror.

Comparison between the reflecting surface and the mirror's parabolic surface.

Explanation of the principal axis in a spherical mirror and how it affects reflection.

Differentiation and discussion on convex and concave mirrors.

Understanding the concept of principal axis and light reflection in spherical mirrors.

Comparison and explanation of convex and concave mirrors.

Discussion on the parts of female and male mirrors.

Explanation of the parts of a convex mirror and how they function.

Understanding the principal axis and mirror structure in detail.

Concept of potential energy and kinetic energy contributing to mechanical energy formation. Understanding energy conversion in various systems like solar panels, arrows, and television.

Discussion on oxidation of metals, formation of metallic oxides, and reactions of metals and nonmetals to create new substances like stainless steel, brass, and lead.

Explanation of the properties of metals and nonmetals, including the transformation of metals like gold and pure gold in different environments.

Explanation of stainless steel and brass formation by adding specific elements like chromium, nickel, copper, and tin to metals.

Process of creating artificial gold by mixing copper and aluminum to form a copper-aluminum alloy.

Discussion about the process of downloading PDF files

The impact of not finding a PDF file on the person

Explanation of various elements like sodium, potassium, oxygen, and aluminum

Discussion on metals found in liquid state and conductors like silver

Understanding the concept of relative mass and its comparison

Explanation of single sound frequency and mixing frequencies

Discussion on the process of seed conversion, pollination, fertilization, and fruit formation. Importance of understanding concepts in simple language.

Importance of actively participating in the class and benefiting from the valuable content being taught.

Discussion on exam questions related to topics like chlorine weight, metal oxides, and reactions between acids and bases.

Explanation of the properties and reactions of chemical elements and compounds like zinc, aluminum, nitrogen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, and tellurium.

Introduction to William Harvey and the importance of calcium ions in blood clotting as part of the discussion on the blood circulation system.

Explaining the process of blood clotting involving thromboplastin, thrombin, calcium, fibrinogen, and platelets.

Discussing blood pressure, including systolic and diastolic pressure and conditions like hypertension and hypotension.

Explaining anemia related to hemoglobin deficiency and the formation of urochrome due to hemoglobin breakdown.

Covering processes like hematopoiesis, paraneoplastic syndrome, and hemostasis.

Explaining conditions like uremia, hemophilia, and thalassemia in simple language.

Discusses the differences between arteries and veins using simple language and explains the path of arteries and veins in the body.

Explains the different types of arteries, including pulmonary artery, femoral artery, and others, and discusses the circulation of pure blood in the body.

Details the composition of pure blood, focusing on oxygenated blood, and its importance in the body's oxygen supply.

Illustrates the equations of motion including displacement, time, velocity, acceleration, and the relationship between displacement and time.

Explores the classification systems in science, such as the periodic table, taxonomy, and the division of kingdoms like animal, plant, and others.

The speaker introduces scientists like R.H. Whittaker, Carolus Linnaeus, and Ernest Haeckel who have contributed to the understanding of the Plant and Animal Kingdoms.

The classification of Monera, Protista, Plantae, Animalia, and the current five kingdoms is explained by the speaker.

Discussions on reactions involving copper sulfate and zinc, as well as iron sulfate and copper, are covered in simple terms by the speaker.

The significance of oxygen and catalysts like copper in chemical reactions is elaborated upon, emphasizing their roles and reactions.

The concept of control in the body is explained, focusing on organs like the liver, lungs, and muscles, highlighting the importance of maintaining control for proper bodily functions.

Exploring the concept of Phosphorus atomisity, including its extraction and relevance in carbon and phosphorus compounds.

Understanding the valency of Phosphorus, different forms like red phosphorus, and its significance in construction and cell structure.

Discussion on gravitational concepts, acceleration due to gravity, and its impact on Earth's surface and rotation speed.

Explanation of cell division through mitosis, creation of 46 chromosomes, and the process of meiosis.

Explains the contribution made by parents in the fertilization process and the types of chromosomes involved.

Discusses the two types of chromosomes - autosomes and sex chromosomes.

Explanation of sex chromosomes and their significance in genetics.

Introduction to the Wave Theory of Light and its importance in science.

Highlights the contributions of famous scientists like Isaac Newton and Christian Huygens in the field of light and optics.

Reveals significant discoveries such as the theory of light formation and the photoelectric effect by renowned physicists.

Addresses various scientific questions and concepts related to light, particles, and electromagnetic interactions.

Discusses chemical compounds like Cao2, Cac2, and their properties.

Explanation of hydrogen bonds and their relevance in chemical bonding.

Introduces vocabulary terms related to reproductive anatomy, such as uterus and fallopian tube.

Explanation of the formation of the female reproductive system starting with ovum development inside the ovary.

Details on the formation of sperm, including the process of fertilization and examination of the structures involved.

Explanation of the concept of "nasbandi" (sterilization) in women and men, including the procedures involved.

Description of embryo development, including the role of the placenta in nourishing the fetus.

Explanation of thermodynamics, cryogenics, and the concept of absolute zero in relation to temperature.

Discussion on kinetic energy and momentum, including formulas and concepts related to mass and momentum.

Discussing the concept that trucks can carry more weight than cars, focusing on the logic behind it.

Explaining the reasons for diseases such as infections from household pests, bacteria, viruses, and smallpox.

Explaining the discovery of the smallpox vaccine by Edward Jenner and its significance in combating viral diseases.

Discussing various viral diseases like herpes, meningitis, hepatitis, polio, AIDS, and chickenpox, highlighting the importance of vaccination.

Explaining the concept of surface tension, relating it to objects trying to minimize their surface area, and its implications in various scenarios like using detergent.

The speaker discusses concepts related to chemistry, such as solubility, concentration, and solutions.

Calculation of the weight of the product formed when salt is added to water based on the Law of Conservation of Mass.

Explanation of cellular components like ribosomes and mitochondria in a simplified manner. Also, discusses the structure and functions of these organelles.

Identification of various types of cells such as animal cells, plant cells, and their subcategories like lysosomes, Golgi bodies, and plastids.

The impact of consuming almonds on the body, specifically how the bitterness in almonds can be attributed to compounds like amygdalin and cyanide.

Discussion on the colors of vegetables like green in potatoes due to carotene, red in chilies indicating high spiciness, orange in carrots due to anthocyanin, and yellow in cucumbers and onions for different reasons.

Exploration of the reasons behind the colors of various vegetables such as carrots, chilies, cucumbers, bitter gourds, onions, radishes, and pumpkins resulting from substances like carotene, capsanthin, anthocyanin, isocyanides, and isotopic setting.

Explanation of the bitterness in cucumbers, bitter gourds, onions, and radishes due to compounds like cucurbitacins, quercetin, and isocyanides.

Brief introduction to the insulin hormone, its function in converting glucose to glycogen in the liver, and the concept of glucogenesis.

Comparison of the stability of carbon allotropes like C3, C60, graphite, and fluorine based on their structural arrangements and stability.

Explanation of how resistivity depends on potential difference and its relation to current flow, emphasizing the relationship between potential difference and current in a circuit.

Discussion on resistors and their dependence on length, area, and resistivity. Formulas for calculating resistance are explained.

Clarification on the difference between resistance and resistivity, emphasizing that resistivity depends on material while resistance depends on dimensions.

Explanation of the liver's function in the body, highlighting its role in controlling blood sugar levels and detoxification.

Discussion on Minamata disease, Itai-Itai disease, and fluorosis, detailing the impact of mercury, cadmium, and fluoride on health.

Exploration of underground water pollution, particularly the presence of arsenic causing health issues like cancer in certain regions.

Discusses the speaker's habit of not focusing on comments during live classes and emphasizes the importance of focusing on the content being discussed.

Mentions the lack of save options within the content being discussed and assures the audience not to worry about it.

Discusses the importance of addressing questions in a proper manner and illustrates examples related to rotational motion and blood components.

Explains common examination questions related to physics concepts such as current direction, glands, and hormones.

Discussion about the common characteristics of women and how they are encountered frequently.

Explanation of the process of radiation where dense substances rise up and are replaced by cooler dense substances.

Differentiating between the process of radiation in gas and fluid, emphasizing on convection as the process in fluids.

Illustrating Stefan's Law and its relation to Black Body Radiation, explaining their role in radiation processes.

Mention of Newton's Law and its significance in mathematics with a reference to Calculus subject.

Discussion on ventilation and oceanic currents, highlighting the movement of gases and fluids in the atmosphere and oceans.

Explanation of the formula for the time period of a pendulum and its dependence on length and acceleration due to gravity.

Explains binary fission or division in simple terms, relating it to carrier cyinesis, nucleus, and cytoplasm.

Discusses the concept of Uglyna Axis, also known as Longitudinal axis, and its relation to X-axis and Y-axis.

Describes Paramesium and its division, focusing on its anuprastha division.

Identifies the cause of lip fissure as Vitamin B2 deficiency.

Explains the formation of Nitrite from Nitrogen through Nitrogen fixation process.

Defines meta-centric chromosomes and discusses their characteristics.

Introduces the use of Copper Sulfate and Caustic as tests for protein detection.

Proteins are formed from copper sulfate and caustic soda, leading to the formation of beta solutions.

Capacitation refers to the ability of sperm to fertilize an egg and relies on the acrosome membrane.

Osmotic pressure plays a key role in sperm function and fertilization by enabling quick penetration of the egg.

Fertility depends on the integrity of acrosome membrane and the functional capacity of sperm.

The discussion covers components like albumin protein, osmotic pressure, and clotting in blood plasma.

Vitamin E is highlighted for its importance in providing a source of light for the development of the fetus.

The roles of various B vitamins like B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, and B9 are discussed, emphasizing their significance for different bodily functions.

Encouraging dedication and determination in studying despite heavy workload and distractions like marathon classes. Stressing the significance of vitamins and calcium for overall well-being.

Explanation of cell division phases including interphase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Metaphase highlighted as a critical phase where chromosomes align at the equatorial plane.

Differentiating between mineral and organic acids, with examples like acetic acid and carbonic acid. Explaining fertilization process involving sperms and eggs resulting in the formation of zygotes.

Discussion on social media trends influencing beliefs about pregnancy and fertility. Awareness about contraceptives and the consequences of unprotected intercourse.

Exploring the role of inhibitory substances like contraceptives affecting sperm-egg interaction and fertilization. Understanding the significance of latent heat in temperature changes.

Definition and discussion of latent heat and how temperature changes involve energy transfer. Explaining the concept of specific heat capacity and its relevance in temperature variation.

Discussion on the use of specific energy Q in changing states based on delta T. Differences observed when temperature changes, with an answer provided.

Announcement of a new Math class for current affairs and general awareness from January to May, focusing on important topics.

Introduction of a special class on General Awareness including Numericals-based classes covering Physics, Chemistry, and more.

Explanation on penicillin being the first antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming and its origin. Also, discussion on light behaviors through slit experiments.

Thomas Young's experiment on the double-slit interference principle and uncertainties related to photon experiments.

Discussion on impossible orbitals like 3f, converging and diverging mirrors, and strange gases. Explanation of convex and concave lenses.

Focus types in optics including infinite focus, and the characteristics of plane mirrors focusing techniques.

Brief pause before discussing the formation of oxidation in chemical reactions.

Discussion on the oxidation of chemical reactions and the loss of electrons.

Explanation of electron loss and its relation to oxidation.

Simple explanation of oxidation related to the release of hydrogen.

Discussion on the decrease in metallic character down the group in the periodic table.

Explanation of metallic character and its decrease as one moves down the group in the periodic table.

Explanation of the thymus gland and its role in the body.

Discussion on the production of sperm and the role of adrenaline.

Explanation of the formation of silver sulfide.

Explanation of total internal reflection process and reflection in different mediums.

Identification of frontal bone in the human skull.

Discussion on respiratory energy and its generation.

Explanation of mitochondria and its role as the powerhouse of the cell.

Comparison between radar and radio detection systems.

Explanation of radar and sonar, including the concept of oil of vitriol (sulfuric acid) and homogeneous mixtures.

Definition of alloys, formation of alloys with metals, and pitch of sound depending on frequency.

Explanation of high and low pitch sounds and the distance they travel.

Engaging with comments, discussing different types of voices (male and female), and the concept of sur (musical note).

The discussion revolves around how frictional and gravitational forces work even in the absence of contact. Elements like ions and bonds are explored to understand these forces better.

Analyzing the formation of compounds like sodium hydroxide and identifying the bonds involved, such as covalent bonds.

Examining the characteristics of a neutral wire in terms of color variations like red, green, black, and yellow.

Expressing gratitude for the support received and announcing special offers for upcoming classes in the RRB Foundation batch.